Appendix B: Structures and temporal development of convection The horizontal cell sizes of mantle convection induced by the effect of continental plates

The figures below summarize the structures and temporal development of convection for several plate sizes.

Figure: Cases in which a continental plate covers part of the top surface.
Ra=104 Ra=105 Ra=106
L=4
L=5
L=6
*** MOVIE *** *** MOVIE *** *** MOVIE ***
(small, large) (small, large) (small, large)

Figure: Cases in which a continental plate covers the entire surface.
Ra=104 Ra=105 Ra=106


Appendix B: Structures and temporal development of convection The horizontal cell sizes of mantle convection induced by the effect of continental plates